HONG KONG MONETARY AUTHORITY Annual Report 1996
NOTES ON THE ACCOUNTS*
11. TOTAL ASSETS
1996 
HK$ million1995 
HK$ millionForeign currency assets Hong Kong dollar assets Total 534,517 460,734 
Quarterly statistics on total foreign currency assets and forward foreign exchange transactions of the Exchange Fund are published. The information for 31 December 1996 is shown below, with comparative figures for 1995:
1996 
HK$ million1995 
HK$ millionExchange Fund foreign currency assets excluding forward transactions Net forward transactions Including forward transactions 538,037 442,054 US$ equivalent at market rate US$69,559million 
US$57,171million 
12. CERTIFICATES OF INDEBTEDNESS
As backing for the bank notes issues, each note-issuing bank is required to hold a non-interest bearing Certificate of Indebtedness issued by the Financial Secretary. Payments for the issuance and redemption of notes against these Certificates are made in US dollars at a fixed rate of US$1=HK$7.80.